A Phase III, Randomized Study of Daratumumab, Cyclophosphamide, Bortezomib and Dexamethasone (Dara-VCD) Induction Followed by Autologous Stem Cell Transplant or Dara-VCD Consolidation and Daratumumab Maintenance in Patients with Newly Diagnosed AL Amyloidosis
Study Description
This phase III trial compares the effect of adding a stem cell transplant with melphalan after completing chemotherapy with daratumumab, cyclophosphamide, bortezomib and dexamethasone (Dara-VCD) versus chemotherapy with Dara-VCD alone for treating patients with newly diagnosed amyloid light chain (AL) amyloidosis. Melphalan is a chemotherapy given prior to a stem cell transplant. Giving chemotherapy before a peripheral blood stem cell transplant helps kill cancer cells in the body and helps make room in the patient's bone marrow for new blood-forming cells (stem cells) to grow. The stem cells are then returned to the patients to replace the blood forming cells that were destroyed by the chemotherapy. Daratumumab is in a class of medications called monoclonal antibodies. It binds to a protein called CD38, which is found on some types of immune cells and cancer cells, including myeloma cells. Daratumumab may block CD38 and help the immune system kill cancer cells. Chemotherapy drugs, such as cyclophosphamide and bortezomib, work in different ways to stop the growth of cancer cells, either by killing the cells, by stopping them from dividing, or by stopping them from spreading. Dexamethasone is in a class of medications called corticosteroids. It is used to lower the body's immune response to help stop the growth of cancer cells. Giving a stem cell transplant with melphalan after Dara-VCD may kill more cancer cells in patients with newly diagnosed AL amyloidosis.
Eligibility
Please note this may not be a complete list of eligibility criteria. We have included a few examples of study criteria to help you better understand how your eligibility in the study will be determined; your study team will go through the study eligibility criteria with you to verify if you qualify for participation in this study.
Inclusion Requirements
You can participate in this study if :
- STEP 1: Participants must have systemic AL amyloidosis which is biopsy proven and includes histologically-confirmed by positive Congo red stain with green birefringence on polarized light microscopy, OR characteristic appearance by electron microscopy AND confirmatory AL amyloid typing (mass spectrometry-based proteomic analysis or immunofluorescence). If there is question regarding diagnosis, consult study chairs prior to registration
- STEP 1: Participants may receive up to one cycle (or 28 days) of therapy prior to enrollment. If a patient receives equal or greater than 75% of 1 cycle of protocol identical Dara-VCD, this will be considered 1 cycle of protocol induction. Any patient who receives less than 75% of 1 cycle of Dara-VCD or non-protocol therapy will still be eligible but will be treated per protocol. If protocol identical therapy is initiated prior to enrollment, this treatment is not continued but rather treatment is dictated per protocol
- STEP 1: Participants may be receiving chronic corticosteroids if they are being given for disorders other than AL amyloidosis or myeloma
- STEP 1: Participant must be equal or greater than 18 years old
- STEP 1: Participant must have a complete medical history and physical exam within 28 DAYS prior to registration
- STEP 1: Participants must be willing to undergo high dose chemotherapy and autologous stem cell transplantation if they are randomized to the arm receiving high dose chemotherapy and autologous stem cell transplantation
- STEP 1: Participants must have adequate cardiac function. Participants with known history or current symptoms of cardiac disease, or history of treatment with cardiotoxic agents, must have a clinical risk assessment of cardiac function using the New York Heart Association Functional Classification. To be eligible for this trial, participants must be class 2 or better
- STEP 1: Participants must not be seropositive for hepatitis B (defined by a positive test for hepatitis B surface antigen [HBsAg]). Subjects with resolved infection (i.e., subjects who are HBsAg negative but positive for antibodies to hepatitis B core antigen [anti-HBc] and/or antibodies to hepatitis B surface antigen [anti-HBs]) must be screened using real-time polymerase chain reaction (PCR) measurement of hepatitis B virus (HBV) deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) levels. Those who are PCR positive will be excluded. EXCEPTION: Subjects with serologic findings suggestive of HBV vaccination (anti-HBs positivity as the only serologic marker) AND a known history of prior HBV vaccination, do not need to be tested for HBV DNA by PCR
- STEP 1: Participants with a history of hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection must have been treated and cured. Participants currently being treated for HCV infection must have undetectable HCV viral load test on the most recent test results obtained within 6 months prior to registration, if indicated
- STEP 1: Participants must not have known allergies to any of the study drugs
- STEP 1: Participants must not have had a major surgery within 14 days prior to registration and be fully recovered from surgery completed within 14 days prior to registration
- STEP 1: Participants must not have either moderate or severe persistent asthma within the past 2 years), or currently have uncontrolled asthma of any classification. (Note that subjects who currently have controlled intermittent asthma or controlled mild persistent asthma are allowed in the study)
- STEP 1: Participants must not have uncontrolled diabetes within 28 days prior to registration